And they saw the God of Israel: Under His feet there was the likeness of a pavement of sapphire, like the very sky for purity. —Exodus 24:10
A quarterly journal of ideas for a thriving Jewish future
Pamela S. Nadell
PAMELA S. NADELL is a professor of history and the director of the Jewish Studies Program at American University. Her next book, Antisemitism, an American Tradition, will be published in September 2025.